Merge origin/master (v0.5.75) into gitea/new_feature

Resolve conflicts:
- package.json / cli/package.json: take 0.5.75
- .gitignore: union both sides (upstream 9router-*/temp files + local state dirs)
- CHANGELOG.md: keep both blocks, v0.5.75 above v0.5.70
- nonStreamingHandler.js: merge imports (unwrapClineEnvelope +
  tokensForDetail/shouldPersistRequestDetail); drop dead appendRequestLog
- providers/[id]/page.js: union useState blocks (compatible-model states
  + importingClineModels)

Co-authored-by: CommandCodeBot <noreply@commandcode.ai>

open-sse/providers/capabilities.js

@@ -209,7 +209,10 @@ export const PROVIDER_CAPABILITIES = {
     "glm-5.3-flash":      { vision: true, reasoning: true, thinkingFormat: "openai", thinkingCanDisable: true, contextWindow: 1000000, maxOutput: 32000 },
     "kimi-k3-1":          { vision: true, reasoning: true, thinkingFormat: "openai", thinkingCanDisable: false, contextWindow: 1000000, maxOutput: 32000 },
     "deepseek-v4-pro":    { vision: true, reasoning: true, thinkingFormat: "openai", thinkingCanDisable: true, contextWindow: 1000000, maxOutput: 50000 },
-    "deepseek-v4-flash":  { vision: true, reasoning: true, thinkingFormat: "openai", thinkingCanDisable: true, contextWindow: 1000000, maxOutput: 50000 },
+    // deepseek-v4.1-flash replaces v4-flash (dropped from the server list;
+    // the old endpoint still answers 200 but the published list is the
+    // contract). maxOutput 128000 per the server's product-config payload.
+    "deepseek-v4.1-flash": { vision: true, reasoning: true, thinkingFormat: "openai", thinkingCanDisable: true, contextWindow: 1000000, maxOutput: 128000 },
   },
   // Qoder — upstream exposes opaque internal ids (dfmodel, kmodel, …); the
   // registry `name` is display-only and capability lookup matches on the raw
@@ -219,9 +222,9 @@ export const PROVIDER_CAPABILITIES = {
   // windows (GLM-5.3 / Kimi-K3 / Qwen3.8-Max claim 180K but accept more).
   // max_output_tokens arrives as 0 for every model, so outputs are
   // best-guess from the real model family. Vision tags below follow the
-  // upstream is_vl flag per explicit request, even though the executor
-  // currently sends image_urls:null (image pass-through over the agent_chat
-  // SSE protocol is unverified). reasoning:true on all of them — every model can
+  // upstream is_vl flag. The executor uploads inlined images to
+  // /api/v2/image/upload and leaves image_urls/chat_context.imageUrls null
+  // (same as qodercli). reasoning:true on all of them — every model can
   // reason; the upstream is_reasoning flag only drives model_config selection.
   // thinkingFormat keeps the true-model family for documentation/UI, but
   // thinkingCanDisable:false everywhere: the executor only forwards