diff --git a/open-sse/providers/registry/deepseek.js b/open-sse/providers/registry/deepseek.js
index 5c167f7a..86123b28 100644
--- a/open-sse/providers/registry/deepseek.js
+++ b/open-sse/providers/registry/deepseek.js
@@ -48,4 +48,8 @@ export default {
     { id: "deepseek-chat", name: "DeepSeek V3.2 Chat" },
     { id: "deepseek-reasoner", name: "DeepSeek V3.2 Reasoner" },
   ],
+  features: {
+    usage: true,
+    usageApikey: true,
+  },
 };
diff --git a/open-sse/providers/registry/kimi.js b/open-sse/providers/registry/kimi.js
index 88bfde3e..299b824f 100644
--- a/open-sse/providers/registry/kimi.js
+++ b/open-sse/providers/registry/kimi.js
@@ -85,5 +85,8 @@ export default {
   },
   features: {
     usage: true,
+    // API-key connections also hit /v1/usages (x-api-key) — need usageApikey
+    // so isUsageEligible + /api/usage allow non-oauth authType.
+    usageApikey: true,
   },
 };
diff --git a/open-sse/services/usage.js b/open-sse/services/usage.js
index 43bfc8ed..65819e72 100644
--- a/open-sse/services/usage.js
+++ b/open-sse/services/usage.js
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ import { getKiroUsage } from "./usage/kiro.js";
 import { getMiniMaxUsage } from "./usage/minimax.js";
 import { getCodeBuddyCnUsage } from "./usage/codebuddy-cn.js";
 import { getGrokCliUsage } from "./usage/grok-cli.js";
+import { getKimiUsage } from "./usage/kimi.js";
+import { getDeepseekUsage } from "./usage/deepseek.js";
 import {
   getQwenUsage,
   getIflowUsage,
@@ -45,6 +47,8 @@ const USAGE_HANDLERS = {
   "vercel-ai-gateway": (c) => getVercelAiGatewayUsage(c.apiKey, c.proxyOptions),
   "codebuddy-cn": (c) => getCodeBuddyCnUsage(c.accessToken, c.apiKey, c.providerSpecificData, c.proxyOptions),
   "grok-cli": (c) => getGrokCliUsage(c.accessToken, c.providerSpecificData, c.proxyOptions),
+  kimi: (c) => getKimiUsage(c.accessToken, c.apiKey, c.proxyOptions, c.providerSpecificData),
+  deepseek: (c) => getDeepseekUsage(c.apiKey, c.proxyOptions),
 };
 
 export async function getUsageForProvider(connection, proxyOptions = null) {
diff --git a/open-sse/services/usage/deepseek.js b/open-sse/services/usage/deepseek.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cb70a40d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/open-sse/services/usage/deepseek.js
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/**
+ * DeepSeek usage — GET https://api.deepseek.com/user/balance
+ * Auth: Bearer <apiKey>
+ */
+
+import { proxyAwareFetch } from "../../utils/proxyFetch.js";
+import { toFiniteNumber } from "./shared.js";
+
+const BALANCE_URL = "https://api.deepseek.com/user/balance";
+
+function parseBalanceInfos(data) {
+  const list = Array.isArray(data?.balance_infos) ? data.balance_infos : [];
+  const results = [];
+  for (const item of list) {
+    if (!item || typeof item !== "object") continue;
+    const currency =
+      typeof item.currency === "string" ? item.currency.toUpperCase() : "";
+    if (!currency) continue;
+    const totalBalance = toFiniteNumber(
+      item.total_balance ?? item.totalBalance,
+      0,
+    );
+    results.push({
+      currency,
+      totalBalance,
+      grantedBalance: toFiniteNumber(
+        item.granted_balance ?? item.grantedBalance,
+        0,
+      ),
+      toppedUpBalance: toFiniteNumber(
+        item.topped_up_balance ?? item.toppedUpBalance,
+        0,
+      ),
+    });
+  }
+  return results;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {string|null|undefined} apiKey
+ * @param {object|null} proxyOptions
+ */
+export async function getDeepseekUsage(apiKey = null, proxyOptions = null) {
+  if (!apiKey || typeof apiKey !== "string" || !apiKey.trim()) {
+    return { message: "DeepSeek API key not available. Add a key to view usage." };
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const response = await proxyAwareFetch(
+      BALANCE_URL,
+      {
+        method: "GET",
+        headers: {
+          Authorization: `Bearer ${apiKey.trim()}`,
+          "Content-Type": "application/json",
+          Accept: "application/json",
+        },
+      },
+      proxyOptions,
+    );
+
+    if (response.status === 401 || response.status === 403) {
+      return {
+        plan: "DeepSeek",
+        message: "DeepSeek authentication failed. Check the API key.",
+      };
+    }
+
+    if (!response.ok) {
+      const errText = await response.text().catch(() => "");
+      return {
+        plan: "DeepSeek",
+        message: `DeepSeek balance API error (${response.status})${errText ? `: ${errText.slice(0, 120)}` : ""}`,
+      };
+    }
+
+    const data = await response.json().catch(() => null);
+    if (!data || typeof data !== "object") {
+      return { message: "DeepSeek balance response was not JSON." };
+    }
+
+    const balances = parseBalanceInfos(data);
+    if (balances.length === 0) {
+      return {
+        plan: "DeepSeek",
+        message: "DeepSeek connected. No balance data returned.",
+      };
+    }
+
+    const isAvailable = data.is_available === true || data.isAvailable === true;
+    const quotas = {};
+    for (const b of balances) {
+      const total = Math.max(0, b.totalBalance);
+      // Credit pot: show full remaining against current balance; never set absolute
+      // `remaining` — QuotaTable treats it as a 0–100 percentage.
+      quotas[`Balance (${b.currency})`] = {
+        used: 0,
+        total,
+        remainingPercentage: total > 0 ? 100 : 0,
+        resetAt: null,
+        unlimited: total > 0,
+      };
+    }
+
+    return {
+      plan: isAvailable ? "DeepSeek" : "DeepSeek (Insufficient Balance)",
+      quotas,
+    };
+  } catch (error) {
+    return { message: `DeepSeek error: ${error.message}` };
+  }
+}
diff --git a/open-sse/services/usage/kimi.js b/open-sse/services/usage/kimi.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9fa92eda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/open-sse/services/usage/kimi.js
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+/**
+ * Kimi Coding usage — GET /v1/usages
+ *
+ * Dual auth (single provider id `kimi`):
+ *   - apiKey present → x-api-key only (platform / coding API key)
+ *   - else accessToken → Bearer + X-Msh-* (device-code OAuth; OmniRoute parity)
+ *
+ * Note: chat messages use combined x-api-key; /usages OAuth is Bearer.
+ * 403 permission_denied is NOT auth-expired — account lacks usage feature / sub.
+ */
+
+import { proxyAwareFetch } from "../../utils/proxyFetch.js";
+import { parseResetTime, toFiniteNumber } from "./shared.js";
+import { buildKimiHeaders } from "../../config/appConstants.js";
+
+const USAGE_URL = "https://api.kimi.com/coding/v1/usages";
+
+const PLAN_LEVELS = {
+  LEVEL_BASIC: "Moderato",
+  LEVEL_INTERMEDIATE: "Allegretto",
+  LEVEL_ADVANCED: "Allegro",
+  LEVEL_STANDARD: "Vivace",
+};
+
+function getKimiPlanName(level) {
+  if (!level) return "";
+  const key = String(level);
+  if (PLAN_LEVELS[key]) return PLAN_LEVELS[key];
+  return key.replace(/^LEVEL_/, "").toLowerCase();
+}
+
+/** Best-effort extract human message from Kimi error JSON (403 body is Connect-RPC-ish). */
+export function formatKimiUsageError(status, responseText) {
+  let parsed = null;
+  try {
+    parsed = JSON.parse(responseText || "");
+  } catch {
+    /* plain text */
+  }
+
+  const detail0 = Array.isArray(parsed?.details) ? parsed.details[0] : null;
+  const debug = detail0?.debug || parsed?.debug || null;
+  const reason = debug?.reason || parsed?.reason || "";
+  const localized =
+    debug?.localizedMessage?.message ||
+    detail0?.localizedMessage?.message ||
+    parsed?.message ||
+    "";
+
+  if (status === 401) {
+    return "Kimi authentication expired. Please re-authorize.";
+  }
+
+  // Live OAuth token without Kimi Code usage entitlement returns 403
+  // REASON_FEATURE_NO_PERMISSION — not an expired session.
+  if (
+    status === 403 &&
+    (reason === "REASON_FEATURE_NO_PERMISSION" ||
+      /permission_denied|do not have permission|subscribe/i.test(
+        `${parsed?.code || ""} ${localized} ${responseText || ""}`,
+      ))
+  ) {
+    return (
+      localized ||
+      "Kimi connected, but this account has no permission to view usage. Subscribe to Kimi Code to access quota."
+    );
+  }
+
+  const snippet = (localized || responseText || "").slice(0, 100);
+  return snippet
+    ? `Kimi Coding connected. API Error ${status}: ${snippet}`
+    : `Kimi Coding connected. API Error ${status}`;
+}
+
+function makeQuota({ used, total, remaining, resetAt }) {
+  const safeTotal = Math.max(0, toFiniteNumber(total, 0));
+  const safeUsed = Math.max(0, toFiniteNumber(used, 0));
+  // Prefer provider remaining when present; never set absolute `remaining`
+  // on the quota object — QuotaTable treats it as a 0–100 percentage.
+  let remainingPct;
+  if (safeTotal > 0 && remaining != null && Number.isFinite(Number(remaining))) {
+    remainingPct = (Math.max(0, Number(remaining)) / safeTotal) * 100;
+  } else if (safeTotal > 0) {
+    remainingPct = (Math.max(0, safeTotal - safeUsed) / safeTotal) * 100;
+  } else {
+    remainingPct = 0;
+  }
+  return {
+    used: safeUsed,
+    total: safeTotal,
+    remainingPercentage: remainingPct,
+    resetAt: resetAt || null,
+    unlimited: false,
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {string|null|undefined} accessToken
+ * @param {string|null|undefined} apiKey
+ * @param {object|null} proxyOptions
+ * @param {object|null} providerSpecificData
+ */
+export async function getKimiUsage(
+  accessToken = null,
+  apiKey = null,
+  proxyOptions = null,
+  providerSpecificData = null,
+) {
+  const useApiKey = typeof apiKey === "string" && apiKey.length > 0;
+  const useOAuth = !useApiKey && typeof accessToken === "string" && accessToken.length > 0;
+
+  if (!useApiKey && !useOAuth) {
+    return { message: "Kimi access token or API key not available." };
+  }
+
+  const authHeaders = useApiKey
+    ? { "x-api-key": apiKey }
+    : {
+        Authorization: `Bearer ${accessToken}`,
+        ...buildKimiHeaders(providerSpecificData?.deviceId),
+      };
+
+  try {
+    const response = await proxyAwareFetch(
+      USAGE_URL,
+      {
+        method: "GET",
+        headers: {
+          ...authHeaders,
+          "Content-Type": "application/json",
+          Accept: "application/json",
+        },
+      },
+      proxyOptions,
+    );
+
+    const responseText = await response.text().catch(() => "");
+
+    if (!response.ok) {
+      return {
+        plan: "Kimi Coding",
+        message: formatKimiUsageError(response.status, responseText),
+      };
+    }
+
+    let data;
+    try {
+      data = JSON.parse(responseText || "{}");
+    } catch {
+      return {
+        plan: "Kimi Coding",
+        message: "Kimi Coding connected. Invalid JSON response from API.",
+      };
+    }
+
+    const quotas = {};
+    const usageObj = data?.usage && typeof data.usage === "object" ? data.usage : {};
+    const usageLimit = toFiniteNumber(usageObj.limit ?? usageObj.Limit, 0);
+    const usageUsed = toFiniteNumber(usageObj.used ?? usageObj.Used, 0);
+    const usageRemainingRaw = usageObj.remaining ?? usageObj.Remaining;
+    const usageRemaining =
+      usageRemainingRaw != null && usageRemainingRaw !== ""
+        ? toFiniteNumber(usageRemainingRaw, NaN)
+        : NaN;
+    const usageResetTime =
+      usageObj.resetTime || usageObj.ResetTime || usageObj.reset_at || usageObj.resetAt;
+
+    if (usageLimit > 0) {
+      quotas.Weekly = makeQuota({
+        used: usageUsed,
+        total: usageLimit,
+        remaining: Number.isFinite(usageRemaining) ? usageRemaining : null,
+        resetAt: parseResetTime(usageResetTime),
+      });
+    }
+
+    const limitsArray = Array.isArray(data?.limits) ? data.limits : [];
+    for (const item of limitsArray) {
+      if (!item || typeof item !== "object") continue;
+      const detail = item.detail && typeof item.detail === "object" ? item.detail : {};
+      const limit = toFiniteNumber(detail.limit ?? detail.Limit, 0);
+      const remaining = toFiniteNumber(detail.remaining ?? detail.Remaining, NaN);
+      const resetTime = detail.resetTime || detail.reset_at || detail.resetAt;
+      if (limit > 0) {
+        const rem = Number.isFinite(remaining) ? remaining : Math.max(0, limit);
+        quotas.Ratelimit = makeQuota({
+          used: Math.max(0, limit - rem),
+          total: limit,
+          remaining: rem,
+          resetAt: parseResetTime(resetTime),
+        });
+      }
+    }
+
+    const membershipLevel = data?.user?.membership?.level;
+    const planName = getKimiPlanName(membershipLevel) || "Kimi Coding";
+
+    if (Object.keys(quotas).length > 0) {
+      return { plan: planName, quotas };
+    }
+
+    return {
+      plan: planName,
+      message: "Kimi Coding connected. Usage tracked per request.",
+    };
+  } catch (error) {
+    return {
+      message: `Kimi Coding connected. Unable to fetch usage: ${error.message}`,
+    };
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/app/(dashboard)/dashboard/usage/components/ProviderLimits/utils.js b/src/app/(dashboard)/dashboard/usage/components/ProviderLimits/utils.js
index 7befe9fb..b3a61c19 100644
--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/dashboard/usage/components/ProviderLimits/utils.js
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/dashboard/usage/components/ProviderLimits/utils.js
@@ -492,6 +492,36 @@ export function parseQuotaData(provider, data) {
         }
         break;
 
+      case "kimi":
+        // Weekly / Ratelimit from /v1/usages. Prefer remainingPercentage only.
+        if (data.quotas) {
+          Object.entries(data.quotas).forEach(([name, quota]) => {
+            normalizedQuotas.push({
+              name,
+              used: quota.used || 0,
+              total: quota.total || 0,
+              resetAt: quota.resetAt || null,
+              remainingPercentage: quota.remainingPercentage,
+            });
+          });
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case "deepseek":
+        // Credit balance — remainingPercentage only (no absolute remaining).
+        if (data.quotas) {
+          Object.entries(data.quotas).forEach(([name, quota]) => {
+            normalizedQuotas.push({
+              name,
+              used: quota.used || 0,
+              total: quota.total || 0,
+              resetAt: quota.resetAt || null,
+              remainingPercentage: quota.remainingPercentage,
+            });
+          });
+        }
+        break;
+
       default:
         // Generic fallback for unknown providers
         if (data.quotas) {
diff --git a/tests/unit/deepseek-usage.test.js b/tests/unit/deepseek-usage.test.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0be26edc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/deepseek-usage.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest";
+
+vi.mock("../../open-sse/utils/proxyFetch.js", () => ({
+  proxyAwareFetch: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+import { proxyAwareFetch } from "../../open-sse/utils/proxyFetch.js";
+import { getUsageForProvider } from "../../open-sse/services/usage.js";
+import {
+  USAGE_SUPPORTED_PROVIDERS,
+  USAGE_APIKEY_PROVIDERS,
+} from "../../src/shared/constants/providers.js";
+import { parseQuotaData } from "../../src/app/(dashboard)/dashboard/usage/components/ProviderLimits/utils.js";
+
+const BALANCE_URL = "https://api.deepseek.com/user/balance";
+
+function jsonResponse(body, status = 200) {
+  return new Response(JSON.stringify(body), {
+    status,
+    headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+  });
+}
+
+const ACTIVE_BALANCE = {
+  is_available: true,
+  balance_infos: [
+    {
+      currency: "USD",
+      total_balance: "12.50",
+      granted_balance: "2.50",
+      topped_up_balance: "10.00",
+    },
+    {
+      currency: "CNY",
+      total_balance: "0.00",
+      granted_balance: "0.00",
+      topped_up_balance: "0.00",
+    },
+  ],
+};
+
+describe("deepseek registry usage flags", () => {
+  it("is listed for apikey quota dashboard", () => {
+    expect(USAGE_SUPPORTED_PROVIDERS).toContain("deepseek");
+    expect(USAGE_APIKEY_PROVIDERS).toContain("deepseek");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("getUsageForProvider(deepseek)", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+  });
+
+  it("GETs /user/balance with Bearer apiKey", async () => {
+    proxyAwareFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse(ACTIVE_BALANCE));
+
+    const usage = await getUsageForProvider({
+      provider: "deepseek",
+      apiKey: "sk-ds-test",
+    });
+
+    expect(usage.message).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(usage.plan).toBe("DeepSeek");
+    expect(proxyAwareFetch).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    const [url, opts] = proxyAwareFetch.mock.calls[0];
+    expect(url).toBe(BALANCE_URL);
+    expect(opts.method).toBe("GET");
+    expect(opts.headers.Authorization).toBe("Bearer sk-ds-test");
+  });
+
+  it("maps balances without absolute remaining (UI treats remaining as %)", async () => {
+    proxyAwareFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse(ACTIVE_BALANCE));
+
+    const usage = await getUsageForProvider({
+      provider: "deepseek",
+      apiKey: "sk-ds-test",
+    });
+
+    expect(usage.quotas["Balance (USD)"]).toMatchObject({
+      used: 0,
+      total: 12.5,
+      remainingPercentage: 100,
+    });
+    expect(usage.quotas["Balance (USD)"].remaining).toBeUndefined();
+    // Zero CNY still listed so user sees currency row
+    expect(usage.quotas["Balance (CNY)"]).toMatchObject({
+      used: 0,
+      total: 0,
+      remainingPercentage: 0,
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("marks plan unavailable when is_available false", async () => {
+    proxyAwareFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+      jsonResponse({
+        is_available: false,
+        balance_infos: [
+          {
+            currency: "USD",
+            total_balance: "0",
+            granted_balance: "0",
+            topped_up_balance: "0",
+          },
+        ],
+      }),
+    );
+
+    const usage = await getUsageForProvider({
+      provider: "deepseek",
+      apiKey: "sk-ds-test",
+    });
+
+    expect(usage.plan).toMatch(/insufficient|unavailable/i);
+    expect(usage.quotas["Balance (USD)"].remainingPercentage).toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it("returns message on missing key / 401", async () => {
+    const missing = await getUsageForProvider({ provider: "deepseek" });
+    expect(missing.message).toMatch(/api key/i);
+    expect(proxyAwareFetch).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+    proxyAwareFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse({ error: "no" }, 401));
+    const auth = await getUsageForProvider({
+      provider: "deepseek",
+      apiKey: "bad",
+    });
+    expect(auth.message).toMatch(/auth|key|401/i);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("parseQuotaData(deepseek)", () => {
+  it("forwards remainingPercentage for balance rows", () => {
+    const rows = parseQuotaData("deepseek", {
+      plan: "DeepSeek",
+      quotas: {
+        "Balance (USD)": {
+          used: 0,
+          total: 12.5,
+          remainingPercentage: 100,
+        },
+      },
+    });
+    expect(rows[0]).toMatchObject({
+      name: "Balance (USD)",
+      total: 12.5,
+      remainingPercentage: 100,
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/tests/unit/kimi-usage.test.js b/tests/unit/kimi-usage.test.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..52d1e911
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/kimi-usage.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest";
+
+vi.mock("../../open-sse/utils/proxyFetch.js", () => ({
+  proxyAwareFetch: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+import { proxyAwareFetch } from "../../open-sse/utils/proxyFetch.js";
+import { getUsageForProvider } from "../../open-sse/services/usage.js";
+import { USAGE_SUPPORTED_PROVIDERS, USAGE_APIKEY_PROVIDERS } from "../../src/shared/constants/providers.js";
+import { PROVIDERS } from "../../open-sse/providers/index.js";
+import { parseQuotaData } from "../../src/app/(dashboard)/dashboard/usage/components/ProviderLimits/utils.js";
+
+const KIMI_USAGE_URL = "https://api.kimi.com/coding/v1/usages";
+
+function jsonResponse(body, status = 200) {
+  return new Response(JSON.stringify(body), {
+    status,
+    headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+  });
+}
+
+const ACTIVE_USAGE = {
+  user: {
+    membership: { level: "LEVEL_ADVANCED" },
+  },
+  usage: {
+    limit: "100",
+    used: "35",
+    remaining: "65",
+    resetTime: "2026-08-01T00:00:00Z",
+  },
+  limits: [
+    {
+      window: { type: "rate" },
+      detail: {
+        limit: "60",
+        remaining: "40",
+        resetTime: "2026-07-29T12:00:00Z",
+      },
+    },
+  ],
+};
+
+describe("kimi registry usage flags", () => {
+  it("exposes usage + usageApikey so OAuth and apikey cards appear on /quota", () => {
+    expect(USAGE_SUPPORTED_PROVIDERS).toContain("kimi");
+    expect(USAGE_APIKEY_PROVIDERS).toContain("kimi");
+  });
+
+  it("registers transport.usage url when present (optional)", () => {
+    // Provider may or may not put usage url on transport; handler has its own constant.
+    expect(PROVIDERS.kimi).toBeTruthy();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("getUsageForProvider(kimi) auth selection", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+  });
+
+  it("OAuth path: Bearer + X-Msh-* (OmniRoute /usages parity; not chat x-api-key)", async () => {
+    proxyAwareFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse(ACTIVE_USAGE));
+
+    const usage = await getUsageForProvider({
+      provider: "kimi",
+      accessToken: "tok-abc",
+      providerSpecificData: { deviceId: "stable-device-1" },
+    });
+
+    expect(usage.message).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(usage.plan).toBe("Allegro");
+    expect(usage.quotas.Weekly).toMatchObject({
+      used: 35,
+      total: 100,
+      remainingPercentage: 65,
+    });
+
+    expect(proxyAwareFetch).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    const [url, opts] = proxyAwareFetch.mock.calls[0];
+    expect(url).toBe(KIMI_USAGE_URL);
+    expect(opts.method).toBe("GET");
+    expect(opts.headers.Authorization).toBe("Bearer tok-abc");
+    expect(opts.headers["x-api-key"]).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(opts.headers["X-Msh-Platform"]).toBe("9router");
+    expect(opts.headers["X-Msh-Device-Id"]).toBe("stable-device-1");
+    expect(opts.headers["X-Msh-Version"]).toBeTruthy();
+  });
+
+  it("apikey path: x-api-key only (no Bearer / X-Msh)", async () => {
+    proxyAwareFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse(ACTIVE_USAGE));
+
+    const usage = await getUsageForProvider({
+      provider: "kimi",
+      apiKey: "sk-test-123",
+    });
+
+    expect(usage.message).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(usage.quotas.Weekly.used).toBe(35);
+
+    const [, opts] = proxyAwareFetch.mock.calls[0];
+    expect(opts.headers["x-api-key"]).toBe("sk-test-123");
+    expect(opts.headers.Authorization).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(opts.headers["X-Msh-Platform"]).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it("prefers apiKey over accessToken when both present", async () => {
+    proxyAwareFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse(ACTIVE_USAGE));
+
+    await getUsageForProvider({
+      provider: "kimi",
+      accessToken: "tok-abc",
+      apiKey: "sk-prefer-me",
+    });
+
+    const [, opts] = proxyAwareFetch.mock.calls[0];
+    expect(opts.headers["x-api-key"]).toBe("sk-prefer-me");
+    expect(opts.headers.Authorization).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(opts.headers["X-Msh-Platform"]).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it("maps membership levels to plan display names", async () => {
+    for (const [level, plan] of [
+      ["LEVEL_BASIC", "Moderato"],
+      ["LEVEL_INTERMEDIATE", "Allegretto"],
+      ["LEVEL_ADVANCED", "Allegro"],
+      ["LEVEL_STANDARD", "Vivace"],
+    ]) {
+      proxyAwareFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        jsonResponse({
+          user: { membership: { level } },
+          usage: { limit: "10", used: "1", remaining: "9" },
+        }),
+      );
+      const usage = await getUsageForProvider({
+        provider: "kimi",
+        accessToken: "t",
+      });
+      expect(usage.plan).toBe(plan);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("parses Weekly + Ratelimit; does not put absolute remaining on quota rows", async () => {
+    proxyAwareFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse(ACTIVE_USAGE));
+
+    const usage = await getUsageForProvider({
+      provider: "kimi",
+      accessToken: "tok",
+    });
+
+    // Absolute remaining would break getRemainingPercentage (treats it as 0-100 %)
+    expect(usage.quotas.Weekly.remaining).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(usage.quotas.Weekly.remainingPercentage).toBe(65);
+    expect(usage.quotas.Ratelimit).toMatchObject({
+      used: 20,
+      total: 60,
+      remainingPercentage: expect.closeTo(40 / 60 * 100, 5),
+    });
+    expect(usage.quotas.Ratelimit.remaining).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it("surfaces re-authorize message only on 401 unauthenticated", async () => {
+    proxyAwareFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+      jsonResponse(
+        {
+          code: "unauthenticated",
+          details: [
+            {
+              debug: {
+                reason: "REASON_INVALID_AUTH_TOKEN",
+                localizedMessage: { message: "Invalid auth token" },
+              },
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+        401,
+      ),
+    );
+
+    const usage = await getUsageForProvider({
+      provider: "kimi",
+      accessToken: "expired",
+    });
+
+    expect(usage.message).toMatch(/expired|re-authorize/i);
+    expect(usage.message).not.toMatch(/subscribe|permission/i);
+    expect(usage.quotas).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it("maps 403 REASON_FEATURE_NO_PERMISSION to subscribe message (not expired)", async () => {
+    // Live capture: valid OAuth JWT still returns 403 permission_denied when
+    // the account has no Kimi Code usage entitlement.
+    proxyAwareFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+      jsonResponse(
+        {
+          code: "permission_denied",
+          details: [
+            {
+              type: "common.error.v1.ErrorDetail",
+              debug: {
+                reason: "REASON_FEATURE_NO_PERMISSION",
+                localizedMessage: {
+                  locale: "en-US",
+                  message:
+                    "You do not have permission to use this feature. Please subscribe to access.",
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+        403,
+      ),
+    );
+
+    const usage = await getUsageForProvider({
+      provider: "kimi",
+      accessToken: "valid-but-no-sub",
+      providerSpecificData: { deviceId: "stable-device-1" },
+    });
+
+    expect(usage.message).toMatch(/permission|subscribe/i);
+    expect(usage.message).not.toMatch(/expired|re-authorize/i);
+    // Must not trip usage-route AUTH_EXPIRED_PATTERNS force-refresh loop
+    expect(usage.message.toLowerCase()).not.toMatch(/expired|re-authorize|unauthorized|401/);
+  });
+
+  it("formatKimiUsageError distinguishes 401 vs 403 feature gate", async () => {
+    const { formatKimiUsageError } = await import(
+      "../../open-sse/services/usage/kimi.js"
+    );
+    expect(formatKimiUsageError(401, '{"code":"unauthenticated"}')).toMatch(
+      /expired|re-authorize/i,
+    );
+    expect(
+      formatKimiUsageError(
+        403,
+        JSON.stringify({
+          code: "permission_denied",
+          details: [
+            {
+              debug: {
+                reason: "REASON_FEATURE_NO_PERMISSION",
+                localizedMessage: {
+                  message: "You do not have permission to use this feature.",
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          ],
+        }),
+      ),
+    ).toMatch(/permission|subscribe/i);
+  });
+
+  it("returns tracked-per-request message when usage limit missing", async () => {
+    proxyAwareFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+      jsonResponse({
+        user: { membership: { level: "LEVEL_BASIC" } },
+        usage: {},
+      }),
+    );
+
+    const usage = await getUsageForProvider({
+      provider: "kimi",
+      accessToken: "tok",
+    });
+
+    expect(usage.plan).toBe("Moderato");
+    expect(usage.message).toMatch(/tracked per request/i);
+  });
+
+  it("returns missing-credentials message when neither token nor key", async () => {
+    const usage = await getUsageForProvider({ provider: "kimi" });
+    expect(usage.message).toMatch(/token|key|credential/i);
+    expect(proxyAwareFetch).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("parseQuotaData(kimi)", () => {
+  it("forwards remainingPercentage for dashboard bars", () => {
+    const rows = parseQuotaData("kimi", {
+      plan: "Allegro",
+      quotas: {
+        Weekly: {
+          used: 35,
+          total: 100,
+          remainingPercentage: 65,
+          resetAt: "2026-08-01T00:00:00.000Z",
+        },
+      },
+    });
+
+    expect(rows).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(rows[0]).toMatchObject({
+      name: "Weekly",
+      used: 35,
+      total: 100,
+      remainingPercentage: 65,
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/tests/unit/usage-dispatch.test.js b/tests/unit/usage-dispatch.test.js
index 75096d78..21078e39 100644
--- a/tests/unit/usage-dispatch.test.js
+++ b/tests/unit/usage-dispatch.test.js
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ const load = () => import("../../open-sse/services/usage.js");
 const SUPPORTED = [
   "github", "gemini-cli", "antigravity", "claude", "codex", "kiro",
   "qoder", "qwen", "iflow", "ollama", "glm", "glm-cn",
-  "minimax", "minimax-cn", "vercel-ai-gateway", "grok-cli",
+  "minimax", "minimax-cn", "vercel-ai-gateway", "grok-cli", "kimi",
+  "deepseek",
 ];
 
 describe("usage dispatch", () => {