feat(vercel-ai-gateway): support embeddings, images and credit usage

Extend Vercel AI Gateway beyond chat: add OpenAI-compatible embeddings
and image generation endpoints, credit balance fetch on the usage
dashboard, retry on 429, and models catalog fetcher.

Thinking/reasoning mapping is omitted pending a project-wide refactor.

Co-authored-by: Ngô Tấn Tài <tantai@newnol.io.vn>
Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>

open-sse/handlers/imageProviders/index.js

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ const ADAPTERS = {
   minimax: createOpenAIAdapter("minimax"),
   openrouter: createOpenAIAdapter("openrouter"),
   recraft: createOpenAIAdapter("recraft"),
+  "vercel-ai-gateway": createOpenAIAdapter("vercel-ai-gateway"),
   xai: createOpenAIAdapter("xai"),
   gemini,
   codex,