diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/__tests__/block.unit.spec.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/__tests__/block.unit.spec.ts
index 75896e60b..db8c86206 100644
--- a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/__tests__/block.unit.spec.ts
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/__tests__/block.unit.spec.ts
@@ -39,13 +39,29 @@ const tableSchema = defineBlockSchema({
     version: 1,
   },
 });
+
+const flatTableSchema = defineBlockSchema({
+  flavour: 'flat-table',
+  props: internal => ({
+    title: internal.Text(),
+    cols: { internal: { color: 'white' } } as Record<string, { color: string }>,
+    rows: {} as Record<string, { color: string }>,
+    labels: [] as Array<string>,
+  }),
+  metadata: {
+    role: 'content',
+    version: 1,
+    isFlatData: true,
+  },
+});
 type RootModel = SchemaToModel<typeof pageSchema>;
 type TableModel = SchemaToModel<typeof tableSchema>;
+type FlatTableModel = SchemaToModel<typeof flatTableSchema>;
 
 function createTestOptions() {
   const idGenerator = createAutoIncrementIdGenerator();
   const schema = new Schema();
-  schema.register([pageSchema, tableSchema]);
+  schema.register([pageSchema, tableSchema, flatTableSchema]);
   return { id: 'test-collection', idGenerator, schema };
 }
 
@@ -181,24 +197,29 @@ describe('block model should has signal props', () => {
     yBlock.set('sys:flavour', 'page');
     yBlock.set('sys:children', new Y.Array());
 
-    const block = new Block(doc.schema, yBlock, doc);
+    const onChange = vi.fn();
+    const block = new Block(doc.schema, yBlock, doc, { onChange });
     const model = block.model as RootModel;
 
     expect(model.count).toBe(0);
     model.stash('count');
 
+    onChange.mockClear();
     model.count = 1;
     expect(model.count$.value).toBe(1);
     expect(yBlock.get('prop:count')).toBe(0);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
 
     model.count$.value = 2;
     expect(model.count).toBe(2);
     expect(yBlock.get('prop:count')).toBe(0);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
 
     model.pop('count');
     expect(yBlock.get('prop:count')).toBe(2);
     expect(model.count).toBe(2);
     expect(model.count$.value).toBe(2);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3);
 
     model.stash('count');
     yBlock.set('prop:count', 3);
@@ -361,3 +382,147 @@ test('deep sync', () => {
   expect(onPropsUpdated).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
   expect(onRowsUpdated).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
 });
+
+describe('flat', () => {
+  test('flat crud', async () => {
+    const doc = createTestDoc();
+    const yDoc = new Y.Doc();
+    const yBlock = yDoc.getMap('yBlock') as YBlock;
+    yBlock.set('sys:id', '0');
+    yBlock.set('sys:flavour', 'flat-table');
+    yBlock.set('sys:children', new Y.Array());
+
+    const onChange = vi.fn();
+    const onColUpdated = vi.fn();
+
+    const block = new Block(doc.schema, yBlock, doc, { onChange });
+    const model = block.model as FlatTableModel;
+    model.props.title = internalPrimitives.Text();
+
+    model.props.cols$.subscribe(onColUpdated);
+    onChange.mockClear();
+    onColUpdated.mockClear();
+
+    model.props.cols = {
+      ...model.props.cols,
+      a: { color: 'red' },
+    };
+    expect(onColUpdated).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(yBlock.get('prop:cols.a.color')).toBe('red');
+    expect(yBlock.get('prop:cols.internal.color')).toBe('white');
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+    onChange.mockClear();
+    onColUpdated.mockClear();
+    model.props.cols.b = { color: 'blue' };
+    expect(yBlock.get('prop:cols.b.color')).toBe('blue');
+    expect(model.props.cols$.peek()).toEqual({
+      a: { color: 'red' },
+      b: { color: 'blue' },
+      internal: { color: 'white' },
+    });
+    expect(onColUpdated).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.anything(),
+      'cols',
+      expect.anything()
+    );
+
+    model.props.cols.a.color = 'black';
+    expect(yBlock.get('prop:cols.a.color')).toBe('black');
+    expect(model.props.cols$.value.a.color).toBe('black');
+
+    onChange.mockClear();
+    onColUpdated.mockClear();
+    model.props.cols$.value = {
+      a: { color: 'red' },
+    };
+    expect(yBlock.get('prop:cols.a.color')).toBe('red');
+    expect(yBlock.get('prop:cols.internal.color')).toBe(undefined);
+    expect(yBlock.get('prop:cols.b.color')).toBe(undefined);
+    expect(model.props.cols).toEqual({
+      a: { color: 'red' },
+    });
+    expect(onColUpdated).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.anything(),
+      'cols',
+      expect.anything()
+    );
+
+    onChange.mockClear();
+    model.props.title.insert('test', 0);
+    expect((yBlock.get('prop:title') as Y.Text).toJSON()).toBe('test');
+    expect(model.props.title$.value.toDelta()).toEqual([{ insert: 'test' }]);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.anything(),
+      'title',
+      expect.anything()
+    );
+
+    onChange.mockClear();
+    model.props.labels.push('test');
+    const getLabels = () => yBlock.get('prop:labels') as Y.Array<unknown>;
+    expect(getLabels().toJSON()).toEqual(['test']);
+    expect(model.props.labels$.value).toEqual(['test']);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.anything(),
+      'labels',
+      expect.anything()
+    );
+
+    onChange.mockClear();
+    model.props.labels$.value = ['test2'];
+    expect(getLabels().toJSON()).toEqual(['test2']);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.anything(),
+      'labels',
+      expect.anything()
+    );
+  });
+
+  test('stash and pop', () => {
+    const doc = createTestDoc();
+    const yDoc = new Y.Doc();
+    const yBlock = yDoc.getMap('yBlock') as YBlock;
+    yBlock.set('sys:id', '0');
+    yBlock.set('sys:flavour', 'flat-table');
+    yBlock.set('sys:children', new Y.Array());
+    const onColUpdated = vi.fn();
+
+    const onChange = vi.fn();
+    const block = new Block(doc.schema, yBlock, doc, { onChange });
+    const model = block.model as FlatTableModel;
+
+    model.props.cols$.subscribe(onColUpdated);
+
+    onChange.mockClear();
+    onColUpdated.mockClear();
+
+    model.props.cols = {
+      a: { color: 'red' },
+    };
+    expect(yBlock.get('prop:cols.a.color')).toBe('red');
+    expect(model.props.cols$.value.a.color).toBe('red');
+    expect(onColUpdated).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+    onChange.mockClear();
+    onColUpdated.mockClear();
+
+    model.stash('cols');
+    model.props.cols.a.color = 'blue';
+    expect(yBlock.get('prop:cols.a.color')).toBe('red');
+    expect(model.props.cols$.value.a.color).toBe('blue');
+    expect(onColUpdated).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+
+    model.pop('cols');
+    expect(yBlock.get('prop:cols.a.color')).toBe('blue');
+    expect(onColUpdated).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/__tests__/yjs.unit.spec.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/__tests__/yjs.unit.spec.ts
index e29fd90f5..bdee1482a 100644
--- a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/__tests__/yjs.unit.spec.ts
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/__tests__/yjs.unit.spec.ts
@@ -1,177 +1,237 @@
+import { Slot } from '@blocksuite/global/utils';
 import { describe, expect, test } from 'vitest';
 import * as Y from 'yjs';
 
+import { ReactiveFlatYMap } from '../reactive/flat-native-y.js';
 import type { Text } from '../reactive/index.js';
 import { Boxed, createYProxy, popProp, stashProp } from '../reactive/index.js';
 
-describe('blocksuite yjs', () => {
-  describe('array', () => {
-    test('proxy', () => {
-      const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
-      const arr = ydoc.getArray('arr');
-      arr.push([0]);
+describe('array', () => {
+  test('proxy', () => {
+    const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
+    const arr = ydoc.getArray('arr');
+    arr.push([0]);
 
-      const proxy = createYProxy(arr) as unknown[];
-      expect(arr.get(0)).toBe(0);
+    const proxy = createYProxy(arr) as unknown[];
+    expect(arr.get(0)).toBe(0);
 
-      proxy.push(1);
-      expect(arr.get(1)).toBe(1);
-      expect(arr.length).toBe(2);
+    proxy.push(1);
+    expect(arr.get(1)).toBe(1);
+    expect(arr.length).toBe(2);
 
-      proxy.splice(1, 1);
-      expect(arr.length).toBe(1);
+    proxy.splice(1, 1);
+    expect(arr.length).toBe(1);
 
-      proxy[0] = 2;
-      expect(arr.length).toBe(1);
-    });
-  });
-
-  describe('object', () => {
-    test('deep', () => {
-      const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
-      const map = ydoc.getMap('map');
-      const obj = new Y.Map();
-      obj.set('foo', 1);
-      map.set('obj', obj);
-      map.set('num', 0);
-      const map2 = new Y.Map();
-      obj.set('map', map2);
-      map2.set('foo', 40);
-
-      const proxy = createYProxy<Record<string, any>>(map);
-
-      expect(proxy.num).toBe(0);
-      expect(proxy.obj.foo).toBe(1);
-      expect(proxy.obj.map.foo).toBe(40);
-
-      proxy.obj.bar = 100;
-      expect(obj.get('bar')).toBe(100);
-
-      proxy.obj2 = { foo: 2, bar: { num: 3 } };
-      expect(map.get('obj2')).toBeInstanceOf(Y.Map);
-      // @ts-expect-error ignore
-      expect(map.get('obj2').get('bar').get('num')).toBe(3);
-
-      proxy.obj2.bar.str = 'hello';
-      // @ts-expect-error ignore
-      expect(map.get('obj2').get('bar').get('str')).toBe('hello');
-
-      proxy.obj3 = {};
-      const { obj3 } = proxy;
-      obj3.id = 'obj3';
-      expect((map.get('obj3') as Y.Map<string>).get('id')).toBe('obj3');
-
-      proxy.arr = [];
-      expect(map.get('arr')).toBeInstanceOf(Y.Array);
-      proxy.arr.push({ counter: 1 });
-      expect((map.get('arr') as Y.Array<Y.Map<number>>).get(0)).toBeInstanceOf(
-        Y.Map
-      );
-      expect(
-        (map.get('arr') as Y.Array<Y.Map<number>>).get(0).get('counter')
-      ).toBe(1);
-    });
-
-    test('with y text', () => {
-      const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
-      const map = ydoc.getMap('map');
-      const inner = new Y.Map();
-      map.set('inner', inner);
-      const text = new Y.Text('hello');
-      inner.set('text', text);
-
-      const proxy = createYProxy<{ inner: { text: Text } }>(map);
-      proxy.inner = { ...proxy.inner };
-      expect(proxy.inner.text.yText).toBeInstanceOf(Y.Text);
-      expect(proxy.inner.text.yText.toJSON()).toBe('hello');
-    });
-
-    test('with native wrapper', () => {
-      const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
-      const map = ydoc.getMap('map');
-      const inner = new Y.Map();
-      map.set('inner', inner);
-      const native = new Boxed(['hello', 'world']);
-      inner.set('native', native.yMap);
-
-      const proxy = createYProxy<{
-        inner: {
-          native: Boxed<string[]>;
-          native2: Boxed<number>;
-        };
-      }>(map);
-
-      expect(proxy.inner.native.getValue()).toEqual(['hello', 'world']);
-
-      proxy.inner.native.setValue(['hello', 'world', 'foo']);
-      expect(native.getValue()).toEqual(['hello', 'world', 'foo']);
-      // @ts-expect-error ignore
-      expect(map.get('inner').get('native').get('value')).toEqual([
-        'hello',
-        'world',
-        'foo',
-      ]);
-
-      const native2 = new Boxed(0);
-      proxy.inner.native2 = native2;
-      // @ts-expect-error ignore
-      expect(map.get('inner').get('native2').get('value')).toBe(0);
-      native2.setValue(1);
-      // @ts-expect-error ignore
-      expect(map.get('inner').get('native2').get('value')).toBe(1);
-    });
-  });
-
-  describe('stash and pop', () => {
-    test('object', () => {
-      const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
-      const map = ydoc.getMap('map');
-      map.set('num', 0);
-
-      const proxy = createYProxy<Record<string, any>>(map);
-
-      expect(proxy.num).toBe(0);
-      stashProp(map, 'num');
-      proxy.num = 1;
-      expect(proxy.num).toBe(1);
-      expect(map.get('num')).toBe(0);
-      proxy.num = 2;
-      popProp(map, 'num');
-      expect(map.get('num')).toBe(2);
-    });
-
-    test('array', () => {
-      const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
-      const arr = ydoc.getArray('arr');
-      arr.push([0]);
-
-      const proxy = createYProxy<Record<string, any>>(arr);
-
-      expect(proxy[0]).toBe(0);
-      stashProp(arr, 0);
-      proxy[0] = 1;
-      expect(proxy[0]).toBe(1);
-      expect(arr.get(0)).toBe(0);
-      popProp(arr, 0);
-      expect(arr.get(0)).toBe(1);
-    });
-
-    test('nested', () => {
-      const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
-      const map = ydoc.getMap('map');
-      const arr = new Y.Array();
-      map.set('arr', arr);
-      arr.push([0]);
-
-      const proxy = createYProxy<Record<string, any>>(map);
-
-      expect(proxy.arr[0]).toBe(0);
-      stashProp(arr, 0);
-      proxy.arr[0] = 1;
-      expect(proxy.arr[0]).toBe(1);
-      expect(arr.get(0)).toBe(0);
-      popProp(arr, 0);
-      expect(arr.get(0)).toBe(1);
-    });
+    proxy[0] = 2;
+    expect(arr.length).toBe(1);
   });
 });
+
+describe('object', () => {
+  test('deep', () => {
+    const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
+    const map = ydoc.getMap('map');
+    const obj = new Y.Map();
+    obj.set('foo', 1);
+    map.set('obj', obj);
+    map.set('num', 0);
+    const map2 = new Y.Map();
+    obj.set('map', map2);
+    map2.set('foo', 40);
+
+    const proxy = createYProxy<Record<string, any>>(map);
+
+    expect(proxy.num).toBe(0);
+    expect(proxy.obj.foo).toBe(1);
+    expect(proxy.obj.map.foo).toBe(40);
+
+    proxy.obj.bar = 100;
+    expect(obj.get('bar')).toBe(100);
+
+    proxy.obj2 = { foo: 2, bar: { num: 3 } };
+    expect(map.get('obj2')).toBeInstanceOf(Y.Map);
+    // @ts-expect-error ignore
+    expect(map.get('obj2').get('bar').get('num')).toBe(3);
+
+    proxy.obj2.bar.str = 'hello';
+    // @ts-expect-error ignore
+    expect(map.get('obj2').get('bar').get('str')).toBe('hello');
+
+    proxy.obj3 = {};
+    const { obj3 } = proxy;
+    obj3.id = 'obj3';
+    expect((map.get('obj3') as Y.Map<string>).get('id')).toBe('obj3');
+
+    proxy.arr = [];
+    expect(map.get('arr')).toBeInstanceOf(Y.Array);
+    proxy.arr.push({ counter: 1 });
+    expect((map.get('arr') as Y.Array<Y.Map<number>>).get(0)).toBeInstanceOf(
+      Y.Map
+    );
+    expect(
+      (map.get('arr') as Y.Array<Y.Map<number>>).get(0).get('counter')
+    ).toBe(1);
+  });
+
+  test('with y text', () => {
+    const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
+    const map = ydoc.getMap('map');
+    const inner = new Y.Map();
+    map.set('inner', inner);
+    const text = new Y.Text('hello');
+    inner.set('text', text);
+
+    const proxy = createYProxy<{ inner: { text: Text } }>(map);
+    proxy.inner = { ...proxy.inner };
+    expect(proxy.inner.text.yText).toBeInstanceOf(Y.Text);
+    expect(proxy.inner.text.yText.toJSON()).toBe('hello');
+  });
+
+  test('with native wrapper', () => {
+    const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
+    const map = ydoc.getMap('map');
+    const inner = new Y.Map();
+    map.set('inner', inner);
+    const native = new Boxed(['hello', 'world']);
+    inner.set('native', native.yMap);
+
+    const proxy = createYProxy<{
+      inner: {
+        native: Boxed<string[]>;
+        native2: Boxed<number>;
+      };
+    }>(map);
+
+    expect(proxy.inner.native.getValue()).toEqual(['hello', 'world']);
+
+    proxy.inner.native.setValue(['hello', 'world', 'foo']);
+    expect(native.getValue()).toEqual(['hello', 'world', 'foo']);
+    // @ts-expect-error ignore
+    expect(map.get('inner').get('native').get('value')).toEqual([
+      'hello',
+      'world',
+      'foo',
+    ]);
+
+    const native2 = new Boxed(0);
+    proxy.inner.native2 = native2;
+    // @ts-expect-error ignore
+    expect(map.get('inner').get('native2').get('value')).toBe(0);
+    native2.setValue(1);
+    // @ts-expect-error ignore
+    expect(map.get('inner').get('native2').get('value')).toBe(1);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('stash and pop', () => {
+  test('object', () => {
+    const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
+    const map = ydoc.getMap('map');
+    map.set('num', 0);
+
+    const proxy = createYProxy<Record<string, any>>(map);
+
+    expect(proxy.num).toBe(0);
+    stashProp(map, 'num');
+    proxy.num = 1;
+    expect(proxy.num).toBe(1);
+    expect(map.get('num')).toBe(0);
+    proxy.num = 2;
+    popProp(map, 'num');
+    expect(map.get('num')).toBe(2);
+  });
+
+  test('array', () => {
+    const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
+    const arr = ydoc.getArray('arr');
+    arr.push([0]);
+
+    const proxy = createYProxy<Record<string, any>>(arr);
+
+    expect(proxy[0]).toBe(0);
+    stashProp(arr, 0);
+    proxy[0] = 1;
+    expect(proxy[0]).toBe(1);
+    expect(arr.get(0)).toBe(0);
+    popProp(arr, 0);
+    expect(arr.get(0)).toBe(1);
+  });
+
+  test('nested', () => {
+    const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
+    const map = ydoc.getMap('map');
+    const arr = new Y.Array();
+    map.set('arr', arr);
+    arr.push([0]);
+
+    const proxy = createYProxy<Record<string, any>>(map);
+
+    expect(proxy.arr[0]).toBe(0);
+    stashProp(arr, 0);
+    proxy.arr[0] = 1;
+    expect(proxy.arr[0]).toBe(1);
+    expect(arr.get(0)).toBe(0);
+    popProp(arr, 0);
+    expect(arr.get(0)).toBe(1);
+  });
+});
+
+test('flat', () => {
+  const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
+  const map = ydoc.getMap('map');
+  map.set('prop:col.a', 0);
+  map.set('prop:col.b', 1);
+  map.set('prop:col.c.d', 3);
+  map.set('prop:col.c.e', 4);
+
+  const reactive = new ReactiveFlatYMap(map, new Slot());
+  const proxy = reactive.proxy as Record<string, any>;
+  proxy.col.c.d = 200;
+  expect(map.get('prop:col.c.d')).toBe(200);
+
+  proxy.col.a = 200;
+  expect(map.get('prop:col.a')).toBe(200);
+
+  proxy.col.f = { a: 1 };
+  expect(map.get('prop:col.f.a')).toBe(1);
+
+  proxy.foo = 'foo';
+  expect(map.get('prop:foo')).toBe('foo');
+
+  proxy.col.c = {
+    d: 500,
+  };
+  expect(map.get('prop:col.c.d')).toBe(500);
+  expect(map.get('prop:col.c.e')).toBe(undefined);
+
+  proxy.col.a = 100;
+  expect(map.get('prop:col.a')).toBe(100);
+  proxy.col.c.e = 100;
+  expect(map.get('prop:col.c.e')).toBe(100);
+
+  const undoManager = new Y.UndoManager([map]);
+
+  ydoc.transact(() => {
+    map.set('prop:col.c.e', 200);
+  }, undoManager);
+  expect(proxy.col.c.e).toBe(200);
+
+  ydoc.transact(() => {
+    map.delete('prop:col.c.d');
+  }, undoManager);
+  expect(proxy.col.c.d).toBe(undefined);
+
+  proxy.foo$.value = 'foo2';
+  expect(map.get('prop:foo')).toBe('foo2');
+
+  proxy.col$.value = {
+    a: 10,
+    b: 20,
+    c: {
+      d: 30,
+    },
+  };
+  expect(map.get('prop:col.a')).toBe(10);
+  expect(map.get('prop:col.b')).toBe(20);
+  expect(map.get('prop:col.c.d')).toBe(30);
+});
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/block-model.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/block-model.ts
index 1feb39c5d..16ff97f2d 100644
--- a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/block-model.ts
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/block-model.ts
@@ -87,6 +87,15 @@ export class BlockModel<
 
   yBlock!: YBlock;
 
+  _props!: SignaledProps<Props>;
+
+  get props() {
+    if (!this._props) {
+      throw new Error('props is only supported in flat data model');
+    }
+    return this._props;
+  }
+
   get flavour(): string {
     return this.schema.model.flavour;
   }
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/block.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/block.ts
index 7f9deed2a..d540289d7 100644
--- a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/block.ts
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/block.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 import type { Schema } from '../../schema/index.js';
 import type { Store } from '../store/store.js';
+import { FlatSyncController } from './flat-sync-controller.js';
 import { SyncController } from './sync-controller.js';
 import type { BlockOptions, YBlock } from './types.js';
 
 export type BlockViewType = 'bypass' | 'display' | 'hidden';
 
 export class Block {
-  private readonly _syncController: SyncController;
+  private readonly _syncController: SyncController | FlatSyncController;
 
   blockViewType: BlockViewType = 'display';
 
@@ -45,6 +46,17 @@ export class Block {
       : (key: string, value: unknown) => {
           options.onChange?.(this, key, value);
         };
-    this._syncController = new SyncController(schema, yBlock, doc, onChange);
+    const flavour = yBlock.get('sys:flavour') as string;
+    const blockSchema = this.schema.get(flavour);
+    if (blockSchema?.model.isFlatData) {
+      this._syncController = new FlatSyncController(
+        schema,
+        yBlock,
+        doc,
+        onChange
+      );
+    } else {
+      this._syncController = new SyncController(schema, yBlock, doc, onChange);
+    }
   }
 }
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/flat-sync-controller.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/flat-sync-controller.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..30ed74593
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/flat-sync-controller.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+import { BlockSuiteError, ErrorCode } from '@blocksuite/global/exceptions';
+import * as Y from 'yjs';
+
+import { ReactiveFlatYMap } from '../../reactive/flat-native-y.js';
+import type { Schema } from '../../schema/schema.js';
+import type { Store } from '../store/store.js';
+import { BlockModel } from './block-model.js';
+import type { YBlock } from './types.js';
+import { internalPrimitives } from './zod.js';
+
+export class FlatSyncController {
+  private _reactive!: ReactiveFlatYMap;
+
+  readonly flavour: string;
+
+  readonly id: string;
+
+  readonly model: BlockModel;
+
+  readonly version: number;
+
+  readonly yChildren: Y.Array<string[]>;
+
+  constructor(
+    readonly schema: Schema,
+    readonly yBlock: YBlock,
+    readonly doc?: Store,
+    readonly onChange?: (key: string, value: unknown) => void
+  ) {
+    const { id, flavour, version, yChildren, props } = this._parseYBlock();
+
+    this.id = id;
+    this.flavour = flavour;
+    this.yChildren = yChildren;
+    this.version = version;
+
+    this.model = this._createModel(props);
+  }
+
+  private _createModel(props: Set<string>) {
+    const schema = this.schema.flavourSchemaMap.get(this.flavour);
+    if (!schema) {
+      throw new BlockSuiteError(
+        ErrorCode.ModelCRUDError,
+        `schema for flavour: ${this.flavour} not found`
+      );
+    }
+
+    const model = schema.model.toModel?.() ?? new BlockModel<object>();
+    model.schema = schema;
+
+    model.id = this.id;
+    model.keys = Array.from(props).map(key => key.replace('prop:', ''));
+    model.yBlock = this.yBlock;
+    const reactive = new ReactiveFlatYMap(
+      this.yBlock,
+      model.deleted,
+      this.onChange
+    );
+    this._reactive = reactive;
+    const proxy = reactive.proxy;
+    model._props = proxy;
+    model.stash = this.stash;
+    model.pop = this.pop;
+    if (this.doc) {
+      model.doc = this.doc;
+    }
+
+    const defaultProps = schema.model.props?.(internalPrimitives);
+    if (defaultProps) {
+      Object.entries(defaultProps).forEach(([key, value]) => {
+        const keyWithProp = `prop:${key}`;
+        if (keyWithProp in proxy) {
+          return;
+        }
+        proxy[key] = value;
+      });
+    }
+
+    return model;
+  }
+
+  private _parseYBlock() {
+    let id: string | undefined;
+    let flavour: string | undefined;
+    let version: number | undefined;
+    let yChildren: Y.Array<string[]> | undefined;
+    const props: Set<string> = new Set();
+
+    this.yBlock.forEach((value, key) => {
+      if (key === 'sys:id' && typeof value === 'string') {
+        id = value;
+        return;
+      }
+      if (key === 'sys:flavour' && typeof value === 'string') {
+        flavour = value;
+        return;
+      }
+      if (key === 'sys:children' && value instanceof Y.Array) {
+        yChildren = value;
+        return;
+      }
+      if (key === 'sys:version' && typeof value === 'number') {
+        version = value;
+        return;
+      }
+      if (key.startsWith('prop:')) {
+        const keyName = key.replace('prop:', '');
+        const keys = keyName.split('.');
+        const propKey = keys[0];
+        props.add(propKey);
+        return;
+      }
+    });
+
+    if (!id) {
+      throw new BlockSuiteError(
+        ErrorCode.ModelCRUDError,
+        'block id is not found when creating model'
+      );
+    }
+    if (!flavour) {
+      throw new BlockSuiteError(
+        ErrorCode.ModelCRUDError,
+        'block flavour is not found when creating model'
+      );
+    }
+    if (!yChildren) {
+      throw new BlockSuiteError(
+        ErrorCode.ModelCRUDError,
+        'block children is not found when creating model'
+      );
+    }
+
+    const schema = this.schema.flavourSchemaMap.get(flavour);
+    if (!schema) {
+      throw new BlockSuiteError(
+        ErrorCode.ModelCRUDError,
+        `schema for flavour: ${flavour} not found`
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (typeof version !== 'number') {
+      // no version found in data, set to schema version
+      version = schema.version;
+    }
+
+    const defaultProps = schema.model.props?.(internalPrimitives);
+    // Set default props if not exists
+    if (defaultProps) {
+      Object.keys(defaultProps).forEach(key => {
+        const keyWithProp = `prop:${key}`;
+        if (props.has(keyWithProp)) return;
+        props.add(keyWithProp);
+      });
+    }
+
+    return {
+      id,
+      flavour,
+      version,
+      props,
+      yChildren,
+    };
+  }
+
+  get stash() {
+    return this._reactive.stash;
+  }
+
+  get pop() {
+    return this._reactive.pop;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/zod.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/zod.ts
index 7e5e5b64f..67666cd94 100644
--- a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/zod.ts
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/model/block/zod.ts
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ export const BlockSchema = z.object({
     flavour: FlavourSchema,
     parent: ParentSchema,
     children: ContentSchema,
+    isFlatData: z.boolean().optional(),
     props: z
       .function()
       .args(z.custom<InternalPrimitives>())
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ export function defineBlockSchema<
     role: Role;
     parent?: string[];
     children?: string[];
+    isFlatData?: boolean;
   }>,
   Model extends BlockModel<Props>,
   Transformer extends BaseBlockTransformer<Props>,
@@ -102,6 +104,7 @@ export function defineBlockSchema({
     role: RoleType;
     parent?: string[];
     children?: string[];
+    isFlatData?: boolean;
   };
   props?: (internalPrimitives: InternalPrimitives) => Record<string, unknown>;
   toModel?: () => BlockModel;
@@ -116,6 +119,7 @@ export function defineBlockSchema({
       flavour,
       props,
       toModel,
+      isFlatData: metadata.isFlatData,
     },
     transformer,
   } satisfies z.infer<typeof BlockSchema>;
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/base-reactive-data.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/base-reactive-data.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fb829ccbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/base-reactive-data.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+import type { Doc as YDoc, YEvent } from 'yjs';
+import { UndoManager } from 'yjs';
+
+import type { ProxyOptions } from './types';
+
+export abstract class BaseReactiveYData<T, Y> {
+  protected _getOrigin = (
+    doc: YDoc
+  ): {
+    doc: YDoc;
+    proxy: true;
+
+    target: BaseReactiveYData<any, any>;
+  } => {
+    return {
+      doc,
+      proxy: true,
+      target: this,
+    };
+  };
+
+  protected _onObserve = (event: YEvent<any>, handler: () => void) => {
+    if (
+      event.transaction.origin?.proxy !== true &&
+      (!event.transaction.local ||
+        event.transaction.origin instanceof UndoManager)
+    ) {
+      handler();
+    }
+
+    this._options?.onChange?.(this._proxy);
+  };
+
+  protected abstract readonly _options?: ProxyOptions<T>;
+
+  protected abstract readonly _proxy: T;
+
+  protected _skipNext = false;
+
+  protected abstract readonly _source: T;
+
+  protected readonly _stashed = new Set<string | number>();
+
+  protected _transact = (doc: YDoc, fn: () => void) => {
+    doc.transact(fn, this._getOrigin(doc));
+  };
+
+  protected _updateWithSkip = (fn: () => void) => {
+    if (this._skipNext) {
+      return;
+    }
+    this._skipNext = true;
+    fn();
+    this._skipNext = false;
+  };
+
+  protected abstract readonly _ySource: Y;
+
+  get proxy() {
+    return this._proxy;
+  }
+
+  abstract pop(prop: string | number): void;
+  abstract stash(prop: string | number): void;
+}
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/flat-native-y.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/flat-native-y.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2d29c0376
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/flat-native-y.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,372 @@
+import { BlockSuiteError, ErrorCode } from '@blocksuite/global/exceptions';
+import { type Slot } from '@blocksuite/global/utils';
+import { signal } from '@preact/signals-core';
+import {
+  Array as YArray,
+  Map as YMap,
+  Text as YText,
+  type YMapEvent,
+} from 'yjs';
+
+import { BaseReactiveYData } from './base-reactive-data';
+import { Boxed, type OnBoxedChange } from './boxed';
+import { isPureObject } from './is-pure-object';
+import { native2Y, y2Native } from './native-y';
+import { ReactiveYArray } from './proxy';
+import { type OnTextChange, Text } from './text';
+import type { ProxyOptions, UnRecord } from './types';
+
+const keyWithoutPrefix = (key: string) => key.replace(/(prop|sys):/, '');
+
+type OnChange = (key: string, value: unknown) => void;
+type Transform = (key: string, value: unknown, origin: unknown) => unknown;
+
+type CreateProxyOptions = {
+  basePath?: string;
+  onChange?: OnChange;
+  transform?: Transform;
+  onDispose: Slot;
+  shouldByPassSignal: () => boolean;
+  byPassSignalUpdate: (fn: () => void) => void;
+  stashed: Set<string | number>;
+};
+
+const proxySymbol = Symbol('proxy');
+
+function isProxy(value: unknown): boolean {
+  return proxySymbol in Object.getPrototypeOf(value);
+}
+
+function markProxy(value: UnRecord): UnRecord {
+  Object.setPrototypeOf(value, {
+    [proxySymbol]: true,
+  });
+  return value;
+}
+
+function createProxy(
+  yMap: YMap<unknown>,
+  base: UnRecord,
+  root: UnRecord,
+  options: CreateProxyOptions
+): UnRecord {
+  const {
+    onDispose,
+    shouldByPassSignal,
+    byPassSignalUpdate,
+    basePath,
+    onChange,
+    transform = (_key, value) => value,
+    stashed,
+  } = options;
+  const isRoot = !basePath;
+
+  if (isProxy(base)) {
+    return base;
+  }
+
+  Object.entries(base).forEach(([key, value]) => {
+    if (isPureObject(value) && !isProxy(value)) {
+      const proxy = createProxy(yMap, value as UnRecord, root, {
+        ...options,
+        basePath: `${basePath}.${key}`,
+      });
+      base[key] = proxy;
+    }
+  });
+
+  const proxy = new Proxy(base, {
+    has: (target, p) => {
+      return Reflect.has(target, p);
+    },
+    get: (target, p, receiver) => {
+      return Reflect.get(target, p, receiver);
+    },
+    set: (target, p, value, receiver) => {
+      if (typeof p === 'string') {
+        const list: Array<() => void> = [];
+        const fullPath = basePath ? `${basePath}.${p}` : p;
+        const firstKey = fullPath.split('.')[0];
+        if (!firstKey) {
+          throw new Error(`Invalid key for: ${fullPath}`);
+        }
+
+        const isStashed = stashed.has(firstKey);
+
+        const updateSignal = (value: unknown) => {
+          if (shouldByPassSignal()) {
+            return;
+          }
+
+          const signalKey = `${firstKey}$`;
+          if (!(signalKey in root)) {
+            if (!isRoot) {
+              return;
+            }
+            const signalData = signal(value);
+            root[signalKey] = signalData;
+            onDispose.once(
+              signalData.subscribe(next => {
+                byPassSignalUpdate(() => {
+                  proxy[p] = next;
+                  onChange?.(firstKey, next);
+                });
+              })
+            );
+            return;
+          }
+          byPassSignalUpdate(() => {
+            const prev = root[firstKey];
+            const next = isRoot
+              ? value
+              : isPureObject(prev)
+                ? { ...prev }
+                : Array.isArray(prev)
+                  ? [...prev]
+                  : prev;
+            // @ts-expect-error allow magic props
+            root[signalKey].value = next;
+            onChange?.(firstKey, next);
+          });
+        };
+
+        if (isPureObject(value)) {
+          const syncYMap = () => {
+            yMap.forEach((_, key) => {
+              if (keyWithoutPrefix(key).startsWith(fullPath)) {
+                yMap.delete(key);
+              }
+            });
+            const run = (obj: object, basePath: string) => {
+              Object.entries(obj).forEach(([key, value]) => {
+                const fullPath = basePath ? `${basePath}.${key}` : key;
+                if (isPureObject(value)) {
+                  run(value, fullPath);
+                } else {
+                  list.push(() => {
+                    yMap.set(`prop:${fullPath}`, value);
+                  });
+                }
+              });
+            };
+            run(value, fullPath);
+            if (list.length) {
+              yMap.doc?.transact(
+                () => {
+                  list.forEach(fn => fn());
+                },
+                { proxy: true }
+              );
+            }
+          };
+
+          if (!isStashed) {
+            syncYMap();
+          }
+
+          const next = createProxy(yMap, value as UnRecord, root, {
+            ...options,
+            basePath: fullPath,
+          });
+
+          const result = Reflect.set(target, p, next, receiver);
+          updateSignal(next);
+          return result;
+        }
+
+        const yValue = native2Y(value);
+        const next = transform(firstKey, value, yValue);
+        if (!isStashed) {
+          yMap.doc?.transact(
+            () => {
+              yMap.set(`prop:${fullPath}`, yValue);
+            },
+            { proxy: true }
+          );
+        }
+
+        const result = Reflect.set(target, p, next, receiver);
+        updateSignal(next);
+        return result;
+      }
+      return Reflect.set(target, p, value, receiver);
+    },
+  });
+
+  markProxy(proxy);
+
+  return proxy;
+}
+
+export class ReactiveFlatYMap extends BaseReactiveYData<
+  UnRecord,
+  YMap<unknown>
+> {
+  protected readonly _proxy: UnRecord;
+  protected readonly _source: UnRecord;
+  protected readonly _options?: ProxyOptions<UnRecord>;
+
+  private readonly _observer = (event: YMapEvent<unknown>) => {
+    const yMap = this._ySource;
+    const proxy = this._proxy;
+    this._onObserve(event, () => {
+      event.keysChanged.forEach(key => {
+        const type = event.changes.keys.get(key);
+        if (!type) {
+          return;
+        }
+        if (type.action === 'update' || type.action === 'add') {
+          const value = yMap.get(key);
+          const keyName: string = key.replace('prop:', '');
+          const keys = keyName.split('.');
+          const firstKey = keys[0];
+          if (this._stashed.has(firstKey)) {
+            return;
+          }
+          void keys.reduce((acc, key, index, arr) => {
+            if (index === arr.length - 1) {
+              acc[key] = y2Native(value);
+            }
+            return acc[key] as UnRecord;
+          }, proxy as UnRecord);
+          return;
+        }
+        if (type.action === 'delete') {
+          const keyName: string = key.replace('prop:', '');
+          const keys = keyName.split('.');
+          const firstKey = keys[0];
+          if (this._stashed.has(firstKey)) {
+            return;
+          }
+          void keys.reduce((acc, key, index, arr) => {
+            if (index === arr.length - 1) {
+              delete acc[key];
+            }
+            return acc[key] as UnRecord;
+          }, proxy as UnRecord);
+          return;
+        }
+      });
+    });
+  };
+
+  private readonly _transform = (
+    key: string,
+    value: unknown,
+    origin: unknown
+  ) => {
+    const onChange = this._getPropOnChange(key);
+    if (value instanceof Text) {
+      value.bind(onChange as OnTextChange);
+      return value;
+    }
+    if (Boxed.is(origin)) {
+      (value as Boxed).bind(onChange as OnBoxedChange);
+      return value;
+    }
+    if (origin instanceof YArray) {
+      const data = new ReactiveYArray(value as unknown[], origin, {
+        onChange,
+      });
+      return data.proxy;
+    }
+
+    return value;
+  };
+
+  private readonly _getPropOnChange = (key: string) => {
+    return () => {
+      const value = this._proxy[key];
+      this._onChange?.(key, value);
+    };
+  };
+
+  private readonly _createDefaultData = (): UnRecord => {
+    const data: UnRecord = {};
+    const transform = this._transform;
+    Array.from(this._ySource.entries()).forEach(([key, value]) => {
+      const keys = keyWithoutPrefix(key).split('.');
+      const firstKey = keys[0];
+
+      let finalData = value;
+      if (Boxed.is(value)) {
+        finalData = transform(firstKey, new Boxed(value), value);
+      } else if (value instanceof YArray) {
+        finalData = transform(firstKey, value.toArray(), value);
+      } else if (value instanceof YText) {
+        finalData = transform(firstKey, new Text(value), value);
+      } else if (value instanceof YMap) {
+        throw new BlockSuiteError(
+          ErrorCode.ReactiveProxyError,
+          'flatY2Native does not support Y.Map as value of Y.Map'
+        );
+      } else {
+        finalData = transform(firstKey, value, value);
+      }
+      const allLength = keys.length;
+      void keys.reduce((acc: UnRecord, key, index) => {
+        if (!acc[key] && index !== allLength - 1) {
+          const path = keys.slice(0, index + 1).join('.');
+          const data = this._getProxy({} as UnRecord, path);
+          acc[key] = data;
+        }
+        if (index === allLength - 1) {
+          acc[key] = finalData;
+        }
+        return acc[key] as UnRecord;
+      }, data);
+    });
+
+    return data;
+  };
+
+  private readonly _getProxy = (source: UnRecord, path?: string): UnRecord => {
+    return createProxy(this._ySource, source, source, {
+      onDispose: this._onDispose,
+      shouldByPassSignal: () => this._skipNext,
+      byPassSignalUpdate: this._updateWithSkip,
+      basePath: path,
+      onChange: this._onChange,
+      transform: this._transform,
+      stashed: this._stashed,
+    });
+  };
+
+  constructor(
+    protected readonly _ySource: YMap<unknown>,
+    private readonly _onDispose: Slot,
+    private readonly _onChange?: OnChange
+  ) {
+    super();
+    const source = this._createDefaultData();
+    this._source = source;
+
+    const proxy = this._getProxy(source);
+
+    Object.entries(source).forEach(([key, value]) => {
+      const signalData = signal(value);
+      source[`${key}$`] = signalData;
+      _onDispose.once(
+        signalData.subscribe(next => {
+          this._updateWithSkip(() => {
+            proxy[key] = next;
+            this._onChange?.(key, next);
+          });
+        })
+      );
+    });
+
+    this._proxy = proxy;
+    this._ySource.observe(this._observer);
+  }
+
+  pop = (prop: string): void => {
+    const value = this._source[prop];
+    this._stashed.delete(prop);
+    this._proxy[prop] = value;
+  };
+
+  stash = (prop: string): void => {
+    this._stashed.add(prop);
+  };
+}
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/index.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/index.ts
index 5e528efc2..51d4a7b90 100644
--- a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/index.ts
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 export * from './boxed.js';
+export * from './flat-native-y.js';
+export * from './is-pure-object.js';
+export * from './native-y.js';
 export * from './proxy.js';
+export * from './stash-pop.js';
 export * from './text.js';
-export * from './utils.js';
+export * from './types.js';
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/is-pure-object.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/is-pure-object.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6fa24f4de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/is-pure-object.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+export function isPureObject(value: unknown): value is object {
+  return (
+    value !== null &&
+    typeof value === 'object' &&
+    Object.prototype.toString.call(value) === '[object Object]' &&
+    [Object, undefined, null].some(x => x === value.constructor)
+  );
+}
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/memory.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/memory.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2e64e3ae7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/memory.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+import type { BaseReactiveYData } from './base-reactive-data';
+
+export const proxies = new WeakMap<any, BaseReactiveYData<any, any>>();
+export const flatProxies = new WeakMap<any, BaseReactiveYData<any, any>>();
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/native-y.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/native-y.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..89c9d6d51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/native-y.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import { Array as YArray, Map as YMap, Text as YText } from 'yjs';
+
+import { Boxed } from './boxed.js';
+import { isPureObject } from './is-pure-object.js';
+import { Text } from './text.js';
+import type { Native2Y, TransformOptions } from './types.js';
+
+export function native2Y<T>(
+  value: T,
+  { deep = true, transform = x => x }: TransformOptions = {}
+): Native2Y<T> {
+  if (value instanceof Boxed) {
+    return transform(value.yMap, value) as Native2Y<T>;
+  }
+  if (value instanceof Text) {
+    if (value.yText.doc) {
+      return transform(value.yText.clone(), value) as Native2Y<T>;
+    }
+    return transform(value.yText, value) as Native2Y<T>;
+  }
+  if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+    const yArray: YArray<unknown> = new YArray<unknown>();
+    const result = value.map(item => {
+      return deep ? native2Y(item, { deep, transform }) : item;
+    });
+    yArray.insert(0, result);
+
+    return transform(yArray, value) as Native2Y<T>;
+  }
+  if (isPureObject(value)) {
+    const yMap = new YMap<unknown>();
+    Object.entries(value).forEach(([key, value]) => {
+      yMap.set(key, deep ? native2Y(value, { deep, transform }) : value);
+    });
+
+    return transform(yMap, value) as Native2Y<T>;
+  }
+
+  return transform(value, value) as Native2Y<T>;
+}
+
+export function y2Native(
+  yAbstract: unknown,
+  { deep = true, transform = x => x }: TransformOptions = {}
+) {
+  if (Boxed.is(yAbstract)) {
+    const data = new Boxed(yAbstract);
+    return transform(data, yAbstract);
+  }
+  if (yAbstract instanceof YText) {
+    const data = new Text(yAbstract);
+    return transform(data, yAbstract);
+  }
+  if (yAbstract instanceof YArray) {
+    const data: unknown[] = yAbstract
+      .toArray()
+      .map(item => (deep ? y2Native(item, { deep, transform }) : item));
+
+    return transform(data, yAbstract);
+  }
+  if (yAbstract instanceof YMap) {
+    const data: Record<string, unknown> = Object.fromEntries(
+      Array.from(yAbstract.entries()).map(([key, value]) => {
+        return [key, deep ? y2Native(value, { deep, transform }) : value] as [
+          string,
+          unknown,
+        ];
+      })
+    );
+    return transform(data, yAbstract);
+  }
+
+  return transform(yAbstract, yAbstract);
+}
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/proxy.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/proxy.ts
index 3bc9d6c63..53ddcebd9 100644
--- a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/proxy.ts
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/proxy.ts
@@ -2,16 +2,12 @@ import { BlockSuiteError, ErrorCode } from '@blocksuite/global/exceptions';
 import type { YArrayEvent, YMapEvent } from 'yjs';
 import { Array as YArray, Map as YMap } from 'yjs';
 
+import { BaseReactiveYData } from './base-reactive-data.js';
 import { Boxed, type OnBoxedChange } from './boxed.js';
+import { proxies } from './memory.js';
+import { native2Y, y2Native } from './native-y.js';
 import { type OnTextChange, Text } from './text.js';
-import type { UnRecord } from './utils.js';
-import { BaseReactiveYData, native2Y, y2Native } from './utils.js';
-
-export type ProxyOptions<T> = {
-  onChange?: (data: T) => void;
-};
-
-const proxies = new WeakMap<any, BaseReactiveYData<any, any>>();
+import type { ProxyOptions, TransformOptions, UnRecord } from './types.js';
 
 export class ReactiveYArray extends BaseReactiveYData<
   unknown[],
@@ -298,60 +294,34 @@ export function createYProxy<Data>(
     return proxies.get(yAbstract)!.proxy as Data;
   }
 
-  return y2Native(yAbstract, {
-    transform: (value, origin) => {
-      if (value instanceof Text) {
-        value.bind(options.onChange as OnTextChange);
-        return value;
-      }
-      if (Boxed.is(origin)) {
-        (value as Boxed).bind(options.onChange as OnBoxedChange);
-        return value;
-      }
-      if (origin instanceof YArray) {
-        const data = new ReactiveYArray(
-          value as unknown[],
-          origin,
-          options as ProxyOptions<unknown[]>
-        );
-        return data.proxy;
-      }
-      if (origin instanceof YMap) {
-        const data = new ReactiveYMap(
-          value as UnRecord,
-          origin,
-          options as ProxyOptions<UnRecord>
-        );
-        return data.proxy;
-      }
-
+  const transform: TransformOptions['transform'] = (value, origin) => {
+    if (value instanceof Text) {
+      value.bind(options.onChange as OnTextChange);
       return value;
-    },
-  }) as Data;
-}
+    }
+    if (Boxed.is(origin)) {
+      (value as Boxed).bind(options.onChange as OnBoxedChange);
+      return value;
+    }
+    if (origin instanceof YArray) {
+      const data = new ReactiveYArray(
+        value as unknown[],
+        origin,
+        options as ProxyOptions<unknown[]>
+      );
+      return data.proxy;
+    }
+    if (origin instanceof YMap) {
+      const data = new ReactiveYMap(
+        value as UnRecord,
+        origin,
+        options as ProxyOptions<UnRecord>
+      );
+      return data.proxy;
+    }
 
-export function stashProp(yMap: YMap<unknown>, prop: string): void;
-export function stashProp(yMap: YArray<unknown>, prop: number): void;
-export function stashProp(yAbstract: unknown, prop: string | number) {
-  const proxy = proxies.get(yAbstract);
-  if (!proxy) {
-    throw new BlockSuiteError(
-      ErrorCode.ReactiveProxyError,
-      'YData is not subscribed before changes'
-    );
-  }
-  proxy.stash(prop);
-}
+    return value;
+  };
 
-export function popProp(yMap: YMap<unknown>, prop: string): void;
-export function popProp(yMap: YArray<unknown>, prop: number): void;
-export function popProp(yAbstract: unknown, prop: string | number) {
-  const proxy = proxies.get(yAbstract);
-  if (!proxy) {
-    throw new BlockSuiteError(
-      ErrorCode.ReactiveProxyError,
-      'YData is not subscribed before changes'
-    );
-  }
-  proxy.pop(prop);
+  return y2Native(yAbstract, { transform }) as Data;
 }
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/stash-pop.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/stash-pop.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..905cf3038
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/stash-pop.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import type { Array as YArray, Map as YMap } from 'yjs';
+
+import { proxies } from './memory';
+
+export function stashProp(yMap: YMap<unknown>, prop: string): void;
+export function stashProp(yMap: YArray<unknown>, prop: number): void;
+export function stashProp(yAbstract: unknown, prop: string | number) {
+  const proxy = proxies.get(yAbstract);
+  proxy?.stash(prop);
+}
+
+export function popProp(yMap: YMap<unknown>, prop: string): void;
+export function popProp(yMap: YArray<unknown>, prop: number): void;
+export function popProp(yAbstract: unknown, prop: string | number) {
+  const proxy = proxies.get(yAbstract);
+  proxy?.pop(prop);
+}
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/types.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8aa819b74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import type { Array as YArray, Map as YMap } from 'yjs';
+
+export type UnRecord = Record<string, unknown>;
+
+export type Native2Y<T> =
+  T extends Record<string, infer U>
+    ? YMap<U>
+    : T extends Array<infer U>
+      ? YArray<U>
+      : T;
+
+export type TransformOptions = {
+  deep?: boolean;
+  transform?: (value: unknown, origin: unknown) => unknown;
+};
+
+export type ProxyOptions<T> = {
+  onChange?: (data: T) => void;
+};
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/utils.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/utils.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index d186a4dd0..000000000
--- a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/reactive/utils.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,157 +0,0 @@
-import type { Doc as YDoc, YEvent } from 'yjs';
-import { Array as YArray, Map as YMap, Text as YText, UndoManager } from 'yjs';
-
-import { Boxed } from './boxed.js';
-import type { ProxyOptions } from './proxy.js';
-import { Text } from './text.js';
-
-export type Native2Y<T> =
-  T extends Record<string, infer U>
-    ? YMap<U>
-    : T extends Array<infer U>
-      ? YArray<U>
-      : T;
-
-export function isPureObject(value: unknown): value is object {
-  return (
-    value !== null &&
-    typeof value === 'object' &&
-    Object.prototype.toString.call(value) === '[object Object]' &&
-    [Object, undefined, null].some(x => x === value.constructor)
-  );
-}
-
-type TransformOptions = {
-  deep?: boolean;
-  transform?: (value: unknown, origin: unknown) => unknown;
-};
-
-export function native2Y<T>(
-  value: T,
-  { deep = true, transform = x => x }: TransformOptions = {}
-): Native2Y<T> {
-  if (value instanceof Boxed) {
-    return value.yMap as Native2Y<T>;
-  }
-  if (value instanceof Text) {
-    if (value.yText.doc) {
-      return value.yText.clone() as Native2Y<T>;
-    }
-    return value.yText as Native2Y<T>;
-  }
-  if (Array.isArray(value)) {
-    const yArray: YArray<unknown> = new YArray<unknown>();
-    const result = value.map(item => {
-      return deep ? native2Y(item, { deep, transform }) : item;
-    });
-    yArray.insert(0, result);
-
-    return yArray as Native2Y<T>;
-  }
-  if (isPureObject(value)) {
-    const yMap = new YMap<unknown>();
-    Object.entries(value).forEach(([key, value]) => {
-      yMap.set(key, deep ? native2Y(value, { deep, transform }) : value);
-    });
-
-    return yMap as Native2Y<T>;
-  }
-
-  return value as Native2Y<T>;
-}
-
-export function y2Native(
-  yAbstract: unknown,
-  { deep = true, transform = x => x }: TransformOptions = {}
-) {
-  if (Boxed.is(yAbstract)) {
-    const data = new Boxed(yAbstract);
-    return transform(data, yAbstract);
-  }
-  if (yAbstract instanceof YText) {
-    const data = new Text(yAbstract);
-    return transform(data, yAbstract);
-  }
-  if (yAbstract instanceof YArray) {
-    const data: unknown[] = yAbstract
-      .toArray()
-      .map(item => (deep ? y2Native(item, { deep, transform }) : item));
-
-    return transform(data, yAbstract);
-  }
-  if (yAbstract instanceof YMap) {
-    const data: Record<string, unknown> = Object.fromEntries(
-      Array.from(yAbstract.entries()).map(([key, value]) => {
-        return [key, deep ? y2Native(value, { deep, transform }) : value] as [
-          string,
-          unknown,
-        ];
-      })
-    );
-    return transform(data, yAbstract);
-  }
-
-  return transform(yAbstract, yAbstract);
-}
-
-export type UnRecord = Record<string, unknown>;
-
-export abstract class BaseReactiveYData<T, Y> {
-  protected _getOrigin = (
-    doc: YDoc
-  ): {
-    doc: YDoc;
-    proxy: true;
-
-    target: BaseReactiveYData<any, any>;
-  } => {
-    return {
-      doc,
-      proxy: true,
-      target: this,
-    };
-  };
-
-  protected _onObserve = (event: YEvent<any>, handler: () => void) => {
-    if (
-      event.transaction.origin?.proxy !== true &&
-      (!event.transaction.local ||
-        event.transaction.origin instanceof UndoManager)
-    ) {
-      handler();
-    }
-
-    this._options.onChange?.(this._proxy);
-  };
-
-  protected abstract readonly _options: ProxyOptions<T>;
-
-  protected abstract readonly _proxy: T;
-
-  protected _skipNext = false;
-
-  protected abstract readonly _source: T;
-
-  protected readonly _stashed = new Set<string | number>();
-
-  protected _transact = (doc: YDoc, fn: () => void) => {
-    doc.transact(fn, this._getOrigin(doc));
-  };
-
-  protected _updateWithSkip = (fn: () => void) => {
-    this._skipNext = true;
-    fn();
-    this._skipNext = false;
-  };
-
-  protected abstract readonly _ySource: Y;
-
-  get proxy() {
-    return this._proxy;
-  }
-
-  protected abstract _getProxy(): T;
-
-  abstract pop(prop: string | number): void;
-  abstract stash(prop: string | number): void;
-}
diff --git a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/transformer/json.ts b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/transformer/json.ts
index d7aa0f278..5dc0efab7 100644
--- a/blocksuite/framework/store/src/transformer/json.ts
+++ b/blocksuite/framework/store/src/transformer/json.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { NATIVE_UNIQ_IDENTIFIER, TEXT_UNIQ_IDENTIFIER } from '../consts';
+import { isPureObject } from '../reactive';
 import { Boxed } from '../reactive/boxed';
-import { isPureObject } from '../reactive/index';
 import { Text } from '../reactive/text';
 
 export function toJSON(value: unknown): unknown {